DUKA WORLDGlossary
The vocabulary of Turkish baklava, from phyllo and kaymak to SABER and FSVP.
Compliance
Best-before date (Tavsiye edilen tüketim tarihi)The date until which a food keeps its expected quality — a quality marker, not aLot code (Parti kodu)The batch identifier that makes a specific production run traceable after despatHalal certification (Helal sertifikası)Third-party attestation that ingredients and process meet Islamic dietary requirCertificate of origin (Menşe şahadetnamesi)A document attesting the country in which goods were produced, used for customs Health certificate (Sağlık sertifikası)An official certificate confirming that a food consignment meets the exporting cHS code (GTİP)The Harmonised System customs classification code that determines duty treatmentAllergen declaration (Alerjen beyanı)The mandatory statement of regulated allergens present in a food.Nutrition declaration (Besin beyanı)The panel stating energy and nutrient content, usually per 100 g.FSVPForeign Supplier Verification Program — the US importer's duty to verify an overSABERThe Saudi conformity platform through which products and shipments are certifiedEAC mark (EAC)The conformity mark showing a product meets Eurasian Economic Union technical reGB 7718The Chinese national standard for the labelling of prepackaged food.EU 1169/2011The EU regulation governing food information to consumers, including allergens a
Ingredient
KaymakThick clotted cream from buffalo or sheep milk; the defining ingredient of the cSherbet (Şerbet)The sugar syrup poured over a hot tray after baking, which sets the sweetness anAntep pistachio (Antep fıstığı)Pistachio from the Gaziantep region of southeastern Turkiye, prized for its deepClarified butter (Sadeyağ)Butter with the milk solids removed, so it can be baked hot without burning — th
Process
Blast freezing (Şoklama)Freezing product rapidly to -18 C so ice crystals stay small and texture surviveCold chain (Soğuk zincir)The unbroken chain of temperature control from the factory freezer to the point Shelf life (Raf ömrü)The period a product keeps its declared quality under stated storage conditions.
Product
Sobiyet (Şöbiyet)A phyllo pocket folded around kaymak cream and pistachio, baked until the cornerMidyeLiterally "mussel" — phyllo gathered by hand into a ribbed shell holding a pistaBulbul Yuvasi (Bülbül Yuvası)"Nightingale's nest" — phyllo coiled into a ring, baked crisp and filled with grHavuc Dilimi (Havuç Dilimi)"Carrot slice" — a wedge cut from a round tray, named for its shape rather than Sari Burma (Sarı Burma)A rolled and twisted phyllo form baked to an even gold.Damak Catlatan (Damak Çatlatan)"Palate cracker" — a deep slab of ground pistachio and kaymak, served cold with Kus Gozu (Kuş Gözü)"Bird's eye" — a pistachio-coated curl with a whole kernel set into its hollow.Zarf"Envelope" — phyllo folded into a broad triangle over a thick pistachio layer.Tombul"Plump" — the generously filled version of a cream pastry.Maras Sarma (Maraş Sarma)A chilled roll of pistachio-clad pastry wound around a core of Maras kaymak.Fistik Sarma (Fıstık Sarma)A cold pistachio roll — almost entirely nut, with very little pastry and light s
Trade
Incoterms (Teslim şekli)Standard trade terms defining who bears cost and risk at each stage of a shipmenFOBFree On Board — the seller delivers goods loaded on the vessel at the named portEXWEx Works — the buyer collects from the seller's premises and carries all onward CIFCost, Insurance and Freight — the seller pays carriage and insurance to the nameReefer container (Frigo konteyner)A refrigerated shipping container holding a set temperature throughout the voyagGroupage (Parsiyel yükleme)Consolidated freight, where a part-load shares a container with other shippers.Pro-forma invoice (Proforma fatura)A preliminary invoice issued to confirm an order and its terms before productionMOQ (Minimum sipariş)The minimum order quantity a supplier will produce for a given specification.Private label (Özel etiket)Product manufactured to a customer's brand and artwork rather than the producer'SKU (Stok kodu)Stock keeping unit — one distinct sellable item in a range.Case pack (Koli içi adet)The number of selling units inside one shipping carton.Net weight (Net ağırlık)The weight of the product itself, excluding all packaging.
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